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English for Doctors: Advanced course

60 lessons built around the work of senior medicine — from top journals and expert witness reports to the press conference and the keynote. Every lesson brings new words, recordings to listen to and grammar in context, and words from earlier lessons keep coming back so you don't forget them.

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60 lessons10 units1,369 words to learnCEFR C1 → C2
Unit 1

The academic physician

Lesson1

Writing for a top journal

Grammar reviewThe toolkit of formal writing (review): nominalisation, the passive, hedging and cohesion

24 new words: high-impact journal, original research article, cover letter to the editor, structured summary, rationale, methodological rigor…

high-impact journaloriginal research articlecover letter to the editorstructured summaryrationalemethodological rigorrobustnesslimitations sectiongeneralizabilityinterpretation of findingsto temper conclusionsto substantiatesubstantive revisioneditorial decisioncompeting interestsdata availability statementreporting checklistCONSORTSTROBEto adhere to reporting standardsscholarly toneconcisionacceptance ratescientific integrity

Lesson2

The patient nobody could label

New grammarNoun clauses as subjects and objects: the fact that…, whether…, what…, how… (What worries me is whether…) Regula →Правило →

24 new words: diagnostic dilemma, multisystem involvement, unifying diagnosis, Occam's razor, Hickam's dictum, to coexist…

diagnostic dilemmamultisystem involvementunifying diagnosisOccam's razorHickam's dictumto coexistoverlap syndromeIgG4-related diseaseErdheim-Chester diseaseCastleman diseasehistiocytosistissue diagnosisrepeat biopsyto defer a diagnosisworking hypothesisdiagnostic uncertaintyto tolerate ambiguityto sit with uncertaintyprovisional labeldiagnostic closureperplexingenigmaticunifying explanationmultisystemic

Lesson3

The drug on the verge of approval

New grammarThe formal future: be to, be expected to, be slated to, be poised to, be on the verge of, be destined to Regula →Правило →

24 new words: regulatory approval, marketing authorization, regulatory agency, accelerated approval, breakthrough designation, advisory committee…

regulatory approvalmarketing authorizationregulatory agencyaccelerated approvalbreakthrough designationadvisory committeesurrogate endpointpost-marketing surveillanceblack box warninglabel indicationpharmacovigilancebiosimilarpatent expirydrug pricinghealth technology assessmentcost per QALYreimbursement decisionmarket launchpivotal trialrolling submissionregulatory scrutinyapproval pathwayprice tagpayer

Lesson4

The celebrity patient

New grammarStance and viewpoint adverbials: frankly, ironically, tellingly, understandably, technically speaking, from a legal standpoint Regula →Правило →

24 new words: VIP patient, VIP syndrome, special treatment, deviation from usual practice, entourage, media attention…

VIP patientVIP syndromespecial treatmentdeviation from usual practiceentouragemedia attentionpress officeto protect privacycode namebodyguardprivate wingto bend the rulesundue influenceequal treatmentclinical objectivitypressure from abovediscretionleak to the pressnon-disclosurepersonal physicianpreferential treatmentstar patientcelebrity medicinehigh-profile admission

Lesson5

Chairing the tumor board

SkillsUseful phrases for leading a strategic discussion: framing, steering, parking, converging (Let me frame the question…, Can we park that?, Where are we converging?)

25 new words: multidisciplinary tumor board, oncology consensus, staging, TNM staging, molecular profile, targeted therapy…

multidisciplinary tumor boardoncology consensusstagingTNM stagingmolecular profiletargeted therapyimmunotherapyneoadjuvant therapyadjuvant therapyresectableunresectableclinical trial eligibilityto frame the questionto steer the discussionto park an issueto converge on a recommendationdissenting viewtime-limited discussionto minute the decisionMDT outcomepathology reviewradiology reviewtreatment intentcurative intentpalliative intent

Lesson6

Revise and check: the guideline panel

Grammar reviewReview: noun clauses, the formal future, stance adverbials, strategic discussion phrases

23 new words: guideline development group, evidence review, GRADE approach, certainty of evidence, strong recommendation, conditional recommendation…

guideline development groupevidence reviewGRADE approachcertainty of evidencestrong recommendationconditional recommendationgood practice statementpanel memberconflict of interest declarationpublic consultationstakeholder commentsimplementationguideline updateliving guidelineevidence-to-decision frameworkvalues and preferencesto reach consensusminority reportdraft guidelinesign-offevidence synthesisguideline methodologyrecommendation wording

Unit 2

Systems and scrutiny

Lesson7

Health systems compared

New grammarAdvanced comparison: every bit as…, nowhere near as…, a far cry from…, more of a… than a…, twice the size of Regula →Правило →

24 new words: single-payer system, insurance-based system, national health service, universal coverage, out-of-pocket costs, co-payment…

single-payer systeminsurance-based systemnational health serviceuniversal coverageout-of-pocket costsco-paymentprivate insurerhealth expenditureshare of GDPadministrative costsprimary care gatekeepingwaiting list cultureaccess gappreventable deathshealth outcomes comparisonfee-for-servicecapitationvalue-based paymenttwo-tier systemrationinghealth system performanceefficiency of careuniversal health carecoverage gap

Lesson8

In the wake of a scandal

New grammarComplex prepositions: in view of, with regard to, by virtue of, in light of, notwithstanding, on behalf of, in the wake of Regula →Правило →

24 new words: public inquiry, independent review, maternity scandal, avoidable harm, cover-up, culture of denial…

public inquiryindependent reviewmaternity scandalavoidable harmcover-upculture of denialterms of referenceevidence sessionbereaved familieswhistleblowing culturesystemic failureleadership failurerecommendations for changeto be held accountableto lose public confidenceto rebuild confidencestatutory inquirychair of the inquiryfindings publishednational scandalinstitutional failureduty of opennessregulatory failurepublic anger

Lesson9

What we owe our patients

New grammarPreparatory "it" as object: make it clear that…, find it hard to…, consider it essential to…, owe it to…, take it for granted that… Regula →Правило →

23 new words: fiduciary duty, professional obligation, conscientious objection, moral distress, to put patients first, limits of care…

fiduciary dutyprofessional obligationconscientious objectionmoral distressto put patients firstlimits of carefutile treatmentto refuse a requestto uphold standardsprofessional valuesaltruismself-sacrificeboundaryto stand on principlemoral courageobligation to refermoral integrityconflict of conscienceduty to selfprofessional ethosmoral responsibilityto be tornethical obligation

Lesson10

The colleague who should have known better

New grammarCriticism and annoyance with modal perfects: you might have told me, could at least have…, should have known better, needn't have… Regula →Правило →

24 new words: impaired physician, substance misuse, addiction in doctors, physician health program, fitness to work, to be under the influence…

impaired physiciansubstance misuseaddiction in doctorsphysician health programfitness to workto be under the influencediversion of drugscontrolled drugs registerto cover for a colleagueduty to reportcollegial loyaltyinterventionto confront a colleaguerecovery programreturn to practicemonitoring agreementrelapse riskcompassionate responsepatient protectionprofessional shameimpairmentto self-reportpeer interventionconfidential help

Unit 3

Precision in language

Unit 4

Law, life and death

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Lesson21

Lives in medicine: the pioneers

New grammarComplex noun phrases: postmodification and apposition (the decision, taken last spring, to replace…; Ava, our head of data, …) Regula →Правило →

24 new words: medical biography, pioneer surgeon, first woman physician, heart transplant pioneer, polio vaccine, vaccine trial history…

medical biographypioneer surgeonfirst woman physicianheart transplant pioneerpolio vaccinevaccine trial historycardiac catheterizationself-experimenteranesthesia pioneerether demonstrationX-ray discoveryantisepsiscarbolic acidunsung heroobituarybiographereponymousgroundbreaking careercontroversial figurelegacy of a pioneertrailblazerbiographical sketchmedical heroineforgotten pioneer

Lesson22

Contested science

New grammarReporting what sources claim: argue, contend, assert, maintain, acknowledge, concede, dismiss, posit (+ that / + noun) Regula →Правило →

22 new words: contested evidence, scientific controversy, hormone replacement therapy, saturated fat debate, statin controversy, reanalysis…

contested evidencescientific controversyhormone replacement therapysaturated fat debatestatin controversyreanalysisprevailing viewcontrarianconsensus statementto revise guidancependulum swingevidence hierarchyscientific humilityevidence base shiftconflicting findingsreversal of advicecontrarian viewscientific disputemainstream viewentrenched beliefrevisionistto recant

Lesson23

The expert witness report

Grammar reviewFormal register (review): impersonal passives, the subjunctive, complex prepositions, formal conditionals

23 new words: instructing solicitor, letter of instruction, duty to the court, independence of the expert, chronology of events, material facts…

instructing solicitorletter of instructionduty to the courtindependence of the expertchronology of eventsmaterial factson the balance of probabilitiesreasonable body of medical opinionBolam testMontgomery rulingmaterial riskcausation analysiscounterfactualjoint expert statementcross-examinationcourtroom testimonyto be impartialexpert report formatstatement of truthcourt reportbalance of probabilitiesimpartialityopinion evidence

Lesson24

Revise and check: the medicolegal case

Grammar reviewReview: formal conditionals, formulaic subjunctive, complex noun phrases, reporting what sources claim

24 new words: medicolegal case, claim review, letter of claim, defense organization, legal costs, liability admitted…

medicolegal caseclaim reviewletter of claimdefense organizationlegal costsliability admittedquantumsettlement negotiationsstructured settlementfuture care costslife expectancy evidencemediation daywithout prejudicecourt approvalapology lawdisclosure of documentscase closedlessons for cliniciansrisk managementclaims historymedicolegal adviserclaim settlednotification of claimlitigation risk

Unit 5

The reviewer and the pathologist

Lesson25

Reviewing a deeply flawed paper

New grammarCollocations of degree: adverb + adjective intensifiers and downtoners (deeply flawed, highly unlikely, utterly convinced, vastly overrated, mildly concerned) Regula →Правило →

23 new words: peer review report, fundamentally unsound, post hoc analysis, p-hacking, underpowered, spin in abstracts…

peer review reportfundamentally unsoundpost hoc analysisp-hackingunderpoweredspin in abstractsselective reportingoutcome switchingdata dredgingreviewer etiquetteconstructive criticismto recommend rejectionto request reanalysisconfidential commentsmethodological weaknessfatal flawoverinterpretationspinreferee reportmajor concernminor concernbiased sampleto dismantle an argument

Lesson26

Far from routine: the rare disease clinic

New grammarAdvanced negation: far from…, anything but…, nothing short of…, not remotely…, by no stretch of the imagination, not least because… Regula →Правило →

22 new words: rare disease clinic, orphan disease, ultra-rare, genetic diagnosis yield, exome sequencing, variant of uncertain significance…

rare disease clinicorphan diseaseultra-raregenetic diagnosis yieldexome sequencingvariant of uncertain significanceenzyme replacement therapynatural history studypatient registryinternational collaborationmatchmaking databasediagnostic yieldparent expertisefamily-led researchundiagnosed childgenetic odysseypatient-ledworldwide networkrare variant matchcase matchsecond familyclinical breakthrough

Lesson27

What the autopsy revealed

New grammarAdvanced cleft sentences: It wasn't until… that…, All we did was…, The last thing we need is…, What happened was…, It's not that…, it's that… Regula →Правило →

22 new words: autopsy, post-mortem examination, coroner, medical examiner, cause of death, discrepancy rate…

autopsypost-mortem examinationcoronermedical examinercause of deathdiscrepancy rateunexpected finding at autopsyclinicopathological conferencehistopathologyforensic pathologymorgueconsent for autopsydeclining autopsy ratesdiagnostic accuracydeath certificateunderlying cause of deathcontributing causepathologist's reportdissectionpostmortem findingsinquestcardiomyopathy

Lesson28

That'll be the lupus: pattern recognition

New grammarWill and would for assumption, characteristic behaviour and refusal (That'll be the cache. It will keep doing that. The model wouldn't answer.) Regula →Правило →

23 new words: pattern recognition, clinical intuition, illness script, gestalt, system 1 thinking, system 2 thinking…

pattern recognitionclinical intuitionillness scriptgestaltsystem 1 thinkingsystem 2 thinkingcognitive biaspremature closureavailability biasexpert intuitionnovice reasoningto second-guessdebiasing strategydiagnostic time-outmetacognitionheuristicgut instinctcognitive loadreflective pausesnap judgmentclinical acumenseasoned clinicianrule of thumb

Lesson29

Living longer: the science of aging

SkillsUseful phrases for speculating and debating the future (I wouldn't rule out…, The jury is still out on…, It remains to be seen whether…, I'd go so far as to say…)

21 new words: longevity research, geroscience, biological age, chronological age, cellular senescence, senolytics…

longevity researchgerosciencebiological agechronological agecellular senescencesenolyticscaloric restrictionrapamycinmetformin for aginghealthspanlifespanage-related declinecentenarian studiesblue zonesanti-aging industrylongevity clinicbiomarker of aginglifespan extensionsupercentenarianfrailty researchage reversal

Lesson30

Revise and check: the futures debate

Grammar reviewReview: collocations of degree, advanced negation, cleft sentences, will and would for assumption and refusal, speculating phrases

23 new words: futures debate, motion, proposer, opposer, rebuttal speech, floor debate…

futures debatemotionproposeropposerrebuttal speechfloor debateaudience votedebating societyto carry a motionto defeat a motioneloquent casedevastating rebuttalwild cardcrystal ballthought experimentcounterargumentto concede gracefullywinning argumentclosing statementswing votedebating chamberpersuasive speechto sway an audience

Unit 6

Medicine and the media

Lesson31

War stories from the emergency room

New grammarThe narrative present and headline grammar (So I'm sitting there and my phone goes off…; Bank Hit By Outage; CEO To Step Down) Regula →Правило →

23 new words: war story, anecdote from the shift, black humor, frequent attender, Saturday night, trauma room…

war storyanecdote from the shiftblack humorfrequent attenderSaturday nighttrauma roomknife woundalcohol-related injurybizarre presentationforeign bodyto keep a straight faceretellingembellishmentshift legendheadline grammartabloid headlinehuman-interest storyviral storyconfidentiality in storytellingto change detailsshift anecdoteemergency medicine folkloreto raise eyebrows

Lesson32

Mistakes were made: the hospital statement

New grammarImpersonal and passive structures for responsibility: mistakes were made, it has come to our attention, it is regrettable that, we take full responsibility for Regula →Правило →

23 new words: public statement, holding statement, it has come to our attention, it is regrettable that, we take full responsibility, mistakes were made…

public statementholding statementit has come to our attentionit is regrettable thatwe take full responsibilitymistakes were madepassive evasionnon-apologysincere statementreputational damagecommunications teamcrisis communicationstransparency in publiclegal review of statementstone of a statementto own the errorto name the failurepublic trust in hospitalsfollow-up statementcorporate apologydefensive languageweasel wordsaccountability statement

Lesson33

Facing the press during an outbreak

SkillsUseful phrases for media interviews: bridging, blocking and flagging (What's really important here is…, I can't speculate on…, The key point is…)

24 new words: media briefing, press conference room, journalist's question, soundbite, to stay on message, bridging phrase…

media briefingpress conference roomjournalist's questionsoundbiteto stay on messagebridging phraseblocking phraseflagging phraseto speculateoff the recordon the recordlive interviewhostile interviewermisquotationmedia spokespersonpublic reassurancepanicuncertainty communicationupdate cyclemedia trainingpress officertalking pointsto go on airnews anchor

Lesson34

Contracts, consent and the fine print

New grammarModal verbs in formal documents: shall, shall not, may not, is to, must not, shall be liable, may at its discretion Regula →Правило →

23 new words: clinical trial agreement, indemnity clause, confidentiality clause, intellectual property rights, publication rights, data ownership…

clinical trial agreementindemnity clauseconfidentiality clauseintellectual property rightspublication rightsdata ownershipsponsor obligationsinvestigator obligationstermination clausebreach of contractgoverning lawsignatoryannexbinding termslegal reviewcontractual obligationfine printlegal clauseto negotiate termscontract amendmentpublication clausesponsorright to publish

Lesson35

The corridor consult

New grammarVague language and approximation in speech: sort of, kind of, -ish, and so on, or something along those lines, give or take, stuff like that Regula →Правило →

22 new words: curbside consult, corridor consultation, informal advice, hallway conversation, quick question, off-the-cuff opinion…

curbside consultcorridor consultationinformal advicehallway conversationquick questionoff-the-cuff opinionliability of informal adviceformal referralloose languageprecision vs speedto document informal adviceprofessional courtesyfavor between colleaguestrust networkhedged opinionvague answerimprecise languageinformal channelquick favorgray areawithout examining the patientsecond-hand information

Lesson36

Revise and check: the PR crisis

Grammar reviewReview: the narrative present and headlines, impersonal structures, media phrases, modals in formal documents, vague language

23 new words: PR crisis, social media storm, viral video, trending hashtag, patient's post, public outrage…

PR crisissocial media stormviral videotrending hashtagpatient's postpublic outragerapid responsereputation managementcorrect the recordpublic apology videocrisis teamstakeholder briefingboard briefingstaff morale in a crisisthreats to staffsecurity reviewnews cyclerecovery of reputationlessons in communicationdamage controlsocial media backlashfact-checkingmedia scrum

Unit 7

Talk among doctors

Lesson37

Conversations in the doctors' mess

New grammarSpoken discourse markers: mind you, as it happens, I mean, still, then again, come to think of it, if you ask me Regula →Правило →

21 new words: doctors' mess, break-room banter, rota complaints, medical gossip, grapevine, tea and toast…

doctors' messbreak-room banterrota complaintsmedical gossipgrapevinetea and toastoff-duty chatventingcamaraderiein-jokenicknamecollegialityrumour millshoptalkbanterto let off steamnight-shift snackcommon roomto commiseratesmall talkto unwind together

Lesson38

League tables and surgical outcomes

New grammarInversion after as and than; so / nor + auxiliary (…, as did the CFO; more than did any rival; nor did the auditors) Regula →Правило →

22 new words: league table, surgeon-level data, risk adjustment, case mix, mortality outlier, publicly reported outcomes…

league tablesurgeon-level datarisk adjustmentcase mixmortality outlierpublicly reported outcomesgaming the datarisk aversionhigh-risk patients turned awayfunnel plotnational auditvolume-outcome relationshipcenter of excellencetransparency agendaunintended effectsto rank hospitalsperformance metricreputationsurgical rankingbenchmarkingdata publicationvolume threshold

Lesson39

Revise and check: the health policy white paper

Grammar reviewReview: the formal future, formal conditionals, noun clauses

23 new words: white paper, green paper, policy proposal, ministerial foreword, consultation response, policy lever…

white papergreen paperpolicy proposalministerial forewordconsultation responsepolicy leverintegrated care systemprevention agendaworkforce plandigital transformation strategyfunding settlementring-fenced budgetpolicy implementationpilot sitesevaluation frameworkpolitical cyclecross-party supportthink tankpolicy adviserunintended policy effectspolicy papergovernment strategyhealthcare reform plan

Lesson40

Hospital idioms and slang

New grammarIdioms and fixed expressions: how much they can change (bite the bullet, have a lot riding on, it's not rocket science, call the shots → who calls the shots?) Regula →Правило →

23 new words: hospital slang, medical idiom, to bite the bullet, a lot riding on, not rocket science, to call the shots…

hospital slangmedical idiomto bite the bulleta lot riding onnot rocket scienceto call the shotsto be on the ballto cut cornersto fly by the seat of your pantsa tough pill to swallowto scrub up wellbedside manner idiomfrequent flyerturfbounce back to EDthe golden hour idiomto codeto crashgomerdisrespectful slangjargon of the wardscode wordcolloquialism

Lesson41

Reading the law and the judgment

New grammarFormal reference words: that of, those of, the said…, the same, thereof, therein, the aforementioned Regula →Правило →

22 new words: court judgment, landmark ruling, judicial review, appeal court, dissenting judgment, ratio decidendi…

court judgmentlandmark rulingjudicial reviewappeal courtdissenting judgmentratio decidendiobiter dictumprecedentstatutesection of an actlegal reasoningreasonable patient testinformed consent lawconsequences for practicelegal judgmentcourt of appealmajority judgmentlegal phrasejudicial languageto cite a casecase lawlegal principle

Lesson42

Revise and check: the landmark judgment

Grammar reviewReview: discourse markers, inversion after as and than, idioms, formal reference words

22 new words: landmark judgment, Supreme Court ruling, implications for practice, guidance update, professional body, legal commentary…

landmark judgmentSupreme Court rulingimplications for practiceguidance updateprofessional bodylegal commentarymedia coverage of a rulingto overturnto uphold a decisionunanimous rulingsplit decisiondoctor-patient relationshippaternalism to partnershiptest caselegal milestoneto change the lawpolicy responsetraining implicationslegacy of a rulingjudicial decisionparadigm shift in consentruling's impact

Unit 8

Rhetoric and persuasion

Lesson43

The commencement address

SkillsUseful phrases and devices for keynote rhetoric: the rule of three, contrast, rhetorical questions, callbacks, the pause (Imagine a world where…, Not X, but Y…)

22 new words: commencement address, graduating class, white coat ceremony, Hippocratic Oath, oath-taking, rule of three…

commencement addressgraduating classwhite coat ceremonyHippocratic Oathoath-takingrule of threerhetorical questiondramatic pausecontrast deviceanaphoraperorationmemorable lineto move an audiencespeechwriterdeliveryapplause linelasting wordsvaledictory speechgraduation ceremonyinspiring speechto stir emotionsoath

Lesson44

Gone are the days: how medicine changed

New grammarFronting for style and focus: Gone are the days when…, Central to this is…, Driving the change is…, participle openers Regula →Правило →

20 new words: doctor knows best, informed patient, internet-informed patient, patient empowerment, women in medicine, hours restrictions…

doctor knows bestinformed patientinternet-informed patientpatient empowermentwomen in medicinehours restrictionsevidence revolutiondigital recordskeyhole revolutiontransformation of surgeryhistory in living memoryold guardprofessional identitynostalgiaprogress narrativeunintended lossmedical paternalismthe old daysera of changesocial change in medicine

Lesson45

If at all: deprescribing in the elderly

New grammar"If" phrases for nuance: if anything, if not, if only to, if at all, if so, if ever, if in doubt Regula →Правило →

22 new words: polypharmacy review, anticholinergic burden, falls risk medication, sedatives in the elderly, benzodiazepine withdrawal, proton pump inhibitor overuse…

polypharmacy reviewanticholinergic burdenfalls risk medicationsedatives in the elderlybenzodiazepine withdrawalproton pump inhibitor overusepreventive medication in frailtytime to benefitlife expectancy and benefitgoals-of-care reviewSTOPP criteriaBeers criteriapatient prioritiesmedication burdenovertreatment in old agefrail elderlystopping rulesdeprescribing conversationto taper offdrug holidayanticholinergicfall prevention

Lesson46

Revise and check: writing the editorial

Grammar reviewReview: cohesion, nominal style, cleft sentences for focus

22 new words: leading article, opinion editorial, editorial stance, the case for, the case against, cohesive argument…

leading articleopinion editorialeditorial stancethe case forthe case againstcohesive argumentsignposting in writingnominal stylelexical densitytopic sentence craftparagraph flowcounterpointrhetorical restraintcall for actioneditorial independenceto commission an editorialinvited commentaryword count disciplinefinal polishcommissioning editorop-edjournal voice

Lesson47

The philanthropist's visit

New grammarPoliteness with continuous forms: I was hoping…, I've been wondering…, Will you be needing…?, We were thinking of… Regula →Правило →

22 new words: philanthropist, major donor, charitable foundation, hospital charity, endowment, named chair…

philanthropistmajor donorcharitable foundationhospital charityendowmentnamed chairnaming rightscapital campaigndonor relationsgift agreementrestricted donationto cultivate a donorstewardship of giftstour of the unitcase for supportimpact reportgala dinnerfundraisingbenefactorgenerous giftgrant-makingdonation pledge

Lesson48

Revise and check: the fundraising gala

Grammar reviewReview: keynote devices, fronting for style, "if" phrases, continuous forms for politeness

23 new words: fundraising gala, keynote at a gala, auction, pledge, matching gift, patient story on stage…

fundraising galakeynote at a galaauctionpledgematching giftpatient story on stageemotional appealdonor recognitionannual campaignfundraising targetto exceed a targetthank-you speechmaster of ceremoniestable hostblack tiecharity partnerimpact videograteful patient programethical fundraisingdonor fatiguecharity auctiongift aidtable sponsor

Unit 9

Humor, tact and words

Lesson49

Euphemisms in medicine

New grammarUnderstatement and euphemism: not entirely convinced, a bit of a challenge, somewhat concerning, let go, rightsizing, to pass away Regula →Правило →

22 new words: euphemism, to pass away, comfort care euphemism, poor historian, non-compliant, challenging patient…

euphemismto pass awaycomfort care euphemismpoor historiannon-compliantchallenging patientnot for escalationto be at peacelet go from a postrightsizing staffbed pressuresguarded languagemedical understatementto soften the blowclarity over comfortplain truthhonest phrasingsugarcoatingto beat around the bushindirect languagebad-news languageblunt honesty

Lesson50

Gallows humor

SkillsUseful phrases for irony, banter and knowing when not to joke (Well, that went well., Said no one ever., I'm only half joking.)

21 new words: gallows humor, dark humor, coping mechanism, irony, sarcasm, in-group humor…

gallows humordark humorcoping mechanismironysarcasmin-group humorprofessional boundarypatient within earshotinappropriate joketo cross a lineteam bondingemotional releasehumor and burnoutculture of humorto laugh it offreading the roommorbid jokelaughterlevityjoking cultureblack comedy

Lesson51

Adherence: why patients don't take their medicines

New grammarPrepositional verbs at C2: account for, attest to, adhere to, defer to, refrain from, abstain from, allude to, verge on Regula →Правило →

22 new words: adherence, non-adherence, intentional non-adherence, unintentional non-adherence, pill organizer, refill data…

adherencenon-adherenceintentional non-adherenceunintentional non-adherencepill organizerrefill datacost-related non-adherencehealth beliefsside-effect fearsregimen simplificationconcordanceadherence conversationmedication-taking behaviorforgetfulnesspill boxrefill gappatient beliefstreatment fatiguecost barriersimplified regimenonce-daily pillmissed tablets

Lesson52

Eponyms: whose disease is it?

New grammarNoun + noun, 's or of: the system owner, the system's owner, the owner of the system — when to use which Regula →Правило →

23 new words: eponym, eponymous disease, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, Hodgkin lymphoma…

eponymeponymous diseaseParkinson's diseaseAlzheimer's diseaseDown syndromeHodgkin lymphomaCrohn's diseaseGraves' diseaseAsperger'sReiter's syndromerenaming of diseasesdescriptive namediscoverer's namecontroversial namesakehistory of a namenaming conventionthe Wegener debategranulomatosis with polyangiitisnomenclaturenamed aftermedical history of namesdisease namingtaxonomy

Lesson53

The language of the underserved

New grammarArticles and determiners at C2: generic the / a / zero article, the + adjective (the uninitiated), such a / what a, any vs some for nuance Regula →Правило →

23 new words: the underserved, the uninsured, the homeless, person-first language, identity-first language, marginalized communities…

the underservedthe uninsuredthe homelessperson-first languageidentity-first languagemarginalized communitieshard-to-reach groupshealth equity languagestigmatizing languagesubstance use disorderpeople experiencing homelessnessinterpreter serviceslanguage barriercultural humilitytrust deficitstructural racisminclusion healthoutreach medicinestreet medicineinclusive languagerespectful terminologyvulnerable populationshealth disparities

Lesson54

Revise and check: medical humanities grand rounds

Grammar reviewReview: understatement, humor phrases, prepositional verbs, noun + noun / 's / of, articles at C2

23 new words: medical humanities, narrative medicine, close reading, reflective writing, literature and medicine, art in hospitals…

medical humanitiesnarrative medicineclose readingreflective writingliterature and medicineart in hospitalsmusic therapyhistory of medicine teachingempathy trainingillness narrativepathographythe wounded healerthe doctor as writerphysician poetsart of medicinehumanistic carecreative practicemeaning-makingto bear witnessgrand rounds talkpoetry in medicinestorytelling in medicinephysician writer

Unit 10

The final cases

Lesson55

Drafting a hospital policy

Grammar reviewReview: formal register — the formal future, formal conditionals, complex prepositions, modals in formal documents

23 new words: policy document, policy owner, scope of the policy, definitions section, roles and responsibilities, policy statement…

policy documentpolicy ownerscope of the policydefinitions sectionroles and responsibilitiespolicy statementprocedural guidanceequality impact assessmentratificationpolicy committeereview dateversion controlsuperseded policydisseminationpolicy complianceexceptions processappendixmonitoring compliancepolicy libraryplain-English summarypolicy draftconsultation draftpolicy review

Lesson56

What if: counterfactual medical history

Grammar reviewReview: conditionals of every kind, including inverted, mixed and formal (in the event that, given that)

22 new words: alternative history, what if history, penicillin delayed, no germ theory, smallpox not eradicated, no anesthesia…

alternative historywhat if historypenicillin delayedno germ theorysmallpox not eradicatedno anesthesiahistorical contingencychance discoverypath dependenceturning point in historythought experiment in historyhistorian's cautionspeculative historylessons of historywhat-if scenarioalternate timelinehistorical imaginationpenicillin discoveryeradicationplague historymedical progresshistorical luck

Lesson57

The night the supervision failed

Grammar reviewReview: modal verbs and their nuances — will / would for assumption, modal perfects for criticism, tentative suggestions

22 new words: supervision failure, night supervision, remote supervision, unsupported trainee, to call the consultant at home, reluctance to call…

supervision failurenight supervisionremote supervisionunsupported traineeto call the consultant at homereluctance to callculture of not callinggraded assertivenessescalation hesitationpatient harm at nightsupervisor's dutytrainee welfarenight-time safetyout-of-hours coversenior support at nightapproachabilityfear of callingovernight deteriorationcommunication gapduty of supervisionescalation cultureto empower juniors

Lesson58

The case that defined a career

Grammar reviewReview: narrative forms — the narrative present, the future in the past, inversion and fronting for effect

21 new words: defining case, career-defining moment, the case that haunts you, recurring memory, years on, in retrospect…

defining casecareer-defining momentthe case that haunts yourecurring memoryyears onin retrospectnarrative arcmemoir writingphysician memoirto bear the weightturning point in a careerlasting lessonpatient's family years laterreunionletter out of the bluefull circlehaunting caselifelong lessonpivotal patientclinical memoryprofessional growth

Lesson59

Medicine in 2050

Grammar reviewReview: speculation and stance — formal future, hedging, stance adverbials, if-phrases

23 new words: medicine in 2050, predictive health, polygenic risk score, digital twin of a patient, xenotransplantation, organ printing…

medicine in 2050predictive healthpolygenic risk scoredigital twin of a patientxenotransplantationorgan printingbrain-computer interfacenanomedicineepigenetic clockclimate and healthheat-related illnessplanetary healthglobal aginghealth securityAI clinicianhuman oversightethical guardrailsunforeseen consequencetechnological optimismcautious forecastfuture scenariosemerging technologyclimate-health link

Lesson60

Revise and check: the last mystery

Grammar reviewReview: all the course grammar

24 new words: last mystery, valedictory case, complex diagnosis unraveled, team of experts, global consultation, telemedicine conference…

last mysteryvaledictory casecomplex diagnosis unraveledteam of expertsglobal consultationtelemedicine conferencerare toxinenvironmental clueoccupational history cluetravel history clueepiphanyvindication of a hunchgrand unifying answerpatient reunioncareer codafinal lectureto bow outstanding ovation of colleaguestorch-bearerthe work goes onfinal diagnosisheavy metal poisoninglead glazetelemedicine link-up

Despre cursul English for Doctors, nivelul Advanced

Dacă ești medic senior, profesor sau cercetător medical și cauți un curs de engleză pentru medici la nivelul Advanced (C1–C2), ai ajuns exact unde trebuie. englishschool.pro îți oferă un program complex de 60 de lecții structurate în 10 unități, ideale pentru oricine dorește să participe activ la conferințe internaționale, să publice în reviste de specialitate sau să colaboreze cu clinici din străinătate fără nicio barieră lingvistică.

Programul acoperă situații reale și teme esențiale din practica medicală de elită: de la redactarea articolelor pentru reviste de top (Writing for a top journal) și conducerea consiliilor oncologice (Chairing the tumor board), până la gestionarea situațiilor de criză cu presa în timpul unei epidemii (Facing the press during an outbreak), aspecte bioetice (What we owe our patients) sau comunicarea fină dintre medici în sala de gardă (Conversations in the doctors' mess). Parcurgi pas cu pas unități precum The academic physician, Systems and scrutiny, Law, life and death, The reviewer and the pathologist sau Rhetoric and persuasion.

Din punct de vedere gramatical, cursul îți duce cunoștințele la perfecțiune prin structuri avansate: propoziții subordonate nominale complexe, viitorul formal, adverbe de opinie și perspectivă (stance and viewpoint adverbials: frankly, technically speaking), comparații avansate, prepoziții complexe, utilizarea lui „it” ca obiect preparatoriu, exprimarea criticilor cu modal perfects, construcții absolute, formarea cuvintelor, inversiuni după expresii de timp, verbe modale în documente oficiale, formulări subjunctive fixe, fraze condiționale formale, precum și nuanțe fine ale timpurilor și articolelor la nivelul C2.

Pe parcursul celor 60 de lecții vei însuși între 1369 de cuvinte noi (câte 20-30 per lecție), vocabularul anterior revenind constant pentru a fi fixat pe termen lung. Modulul pune un accent deosebit pe polisemie, colocații de grad, registrul formal, eufemisme în medicină și limbajul nuanțat, oferindu-ți precizia absolută de care ai nevoie în carieră.

Platforma noastră este optimizată pentru a funcționa bine pe telefon. Pe fiecare pagină găsești exerciții interactive, înregistrări audio clare, texte de lectură captivante, un dicționar încorporat cu traduceri în română și rusă, precum și o listă de vocabular personalizată. Totul este gândit pentru ca tu să înveți eficient, în ritmul tău.

După finalizarea acestui nivel C1–C2, vei putea redacta articole academice clare și corecte, vei conduce discuții medicale complexe cu mai multă ușurință, vei gestiona aspecte juridice și etice în engleză și vei interacționa cu presa sau cu colegii străini cu mai multă încredere.

Poți începe imediat, gratuit și fără să-ți faci cont: primele 10 lecții îți stau la dispoziție oricând. Următoarele 10 lecții (11–20) sunt gratuite dacă îți creezi un cont simplu cu nume și e-mail. Întregul nivel (toate cele 60 de lecții pentru studiu individual) costă doar 210 lei, plătiți o singură dată, cu acces pe viață și garanție de rambursare integrală în 14 zile.

Dacă preferi îndrumarea unui profesor, poți opta pentru lecții individuale online, de 50 de minute, cu un cost de 250 lei per ședință. Prima lecție, cea de probă, este complet gratuită. Începe acum călătoria ta spre excelență în limba engleză medicală!

Întrebări și răspunsuri

Cine poate urma cursul „Engleză pentru medici”?

Acest curs se adresează exclusiv medicilor seniori, profesorilor universitari din domeniul medical și cercetătorilor care au deja un nivel avansat (C1) și doresc să ajungă la o stăpânire nativă (C2) a limbajului medical și academic.

Cum funcționează accesul gratuit și plata pentru nivelul complet?

Poți accesa primele 10 lecții complet gratuit, fără cont. Lecțiile 11-20 sunt de asemenea gratuite în baza unui cont simplu. Accesul permanent la toate cele 60 de lecții pentru studiu individual costă 210 lei, având și o garanție de retur de 14 zile.

Pot studia direct de pe telefonul mobil?

Da, platforma englishschool.pro este complet optimizată pentru dispozitive mobile, incluzând exerciții interactive, dicționar integrat cu traduceri în română și rusă, precum și fișiere audio pe care le poți asculta oricând.

О курсе English for Doctors, уровень Advanced

Если вы являетесь старшим врачом, профессором или медицинским исследователем и ищете качественный курс английского для врачей уровня Advanced (C1–C2), вы попали по адресу. englishschool.pro предлагает комплексную программу из 60 уроков, разделенных на 10 юнитов, которая подходит для тех, кто хочет свободно участвовать в международных конференциях, готовить научные публикации и уверенно сотрудничать с зарубежными клиниками.

Программа охватывает реальные ситуации и ключевые темы элитной медицинской практики: от написания статей для авторитетных изданий (Writing for a top journal) и председательства на онкологических консилиумах (Chairing the tumor board) до общения с прессой во время вспышек заболеваний (Facing the press during an outbreak), этических дилемм (What we owe our patients) и неформального общения врачей в ординаторской (Conversations in the doctors' mess). Вы пройдете такие юниты, как The academic physician, Systems and scrutiny, Law, life and death, The reviewer and the pathologist или Rhetoric and persuasion.

С грамматической точки зрения курс поднимает ваши знания до совершенства через сложные структуры: именные придаточные предложения в роли подлежащих и дополнений, формальное выражение будущего времени, вводные и модальные слова (stance and viewpoint adverbials: frankly, technically speaking), продвинутые сравнения, сложные предлоги, использование вводного «it» в роли объекта, выражение критики через модальные перфекты, абсолютные конструкции, словообразование, инверсию после временных оборотов, модальные глаголы в официальных документах, фиксированные сослагательные конструкции, формальные условные предложения, а также тончайшие нюансы времен и артиклей на уровне C2.

В ходе 60 уроков вы освоите от 1369 новых слов (по 20-30 на урок), причем пройденная лексика регулярно возвращается в упражнениях для надежного закрепления. Особое внимание уделяется полисемии, степеням интенсивности, официальному регистру, медицинским эвфемизмам и нюансам речи, обеспечивая вам абсолютную точность в профессиональной деятельности.

Наша платформа отлично работает на смартфоне. На каждой странице вас ждут интерактивные упражнения, четкие аудиозаписи, тексты для чтения, встроенный словарь с переводами на русский и румынский языки, а также ваш личный список слов. Всё создано для того, чтобы вы учились с комфортом и в удобном для себя темпе.

После завершения уровня C1–C2 вы сможете писать грамотные академические статьи, вести сложные медицинские дискуссии свободнее, решать юридические и этические вопросы на английском языке и уверенно общаться с прессой и зарубежными коллегами.

Вы можете начать прямо сейчас, бесплатно и без регистрации: первые 10 уроков доступны каждому. Следующие 10 уроков (с 11 по 20) открываются бесплатно при создании аккаунта с указанием имени и email. Полный курс (все 60 уроков для самостоятельного обучения) стоит всего 210 леев при единоразовой оплате, с бессрочным доступом и гарантией возврата средств в течение 14 дней.

Если вы предпочитаете заниматься с преподавателем, вы можете выбрать индивидуальные онлайн-уроки по 50 минут стоимостью 250 леев за занятие; первый пробный урок проводится бесплатно. Начните свой путь к совершенству в медицинском английском уже сегодня!

Вопросы и ответы

Для кого предназначен курс «Английский для врачей»?

Этот курс разработан специально для практикующих врачей со стажем, медицинских профессоров и исследователей, обладающих уровнем английского не ниже C1, которым необходимо свободно владеть профессиональной и академической лексикой на уровне C2.

Как работает бесплатный доступ и покупка полного курса?

Вы можете пройти первые 10 уроков абсолютно бесплатно и без создания аккаунта. Уроки с 11 по 20 также бесплатны после регистрации по email. Полный доступ ко всем 60 урокам для самостоятельного изучения стоит 210 леев навсегда, с гарантией возврата денег в течение двух недель.

Удобно ли заниматься с мобильного телефона?

Да, платформа englishschool.pro полностью адаптирована под мобильные устройства. Вы найдете здесь интерактивные задания, встроенный словарь с переводами на русский и румынский, а также аудиоматериалы, которые удобно слушать прямо со смартфона.

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